Up to 94% of the demand for drugs in Kazakhstan is covered by import. At the same time, the wild flora of Kazakhstan, which can be considered as a vast source of substances for the manufacturing of the medicinal products, as it includes more than 100 medicinal plant species, is used by only 2%; in highly-developed countries this number reaches 50%. Total availability of the domestically produced medicinal preparations for the local population is one of the main priorities of the social and economic policy of the Government and the state program for import substitution, according to which, by 2014, 40-50% of all drugs will be of domestic production (Government decree No. 302 dated April 14, 2010). Successful development of the domestic pharmaceutical industry is closely linked with the development of natural resources of the country. The advantage of botanical medicinal preparations lies in the softness and complexity of their therapeutic action, low toxicity, absence of cumulative effect and addiction, rare induction of allergic reactions, which is especially important in case of dealing with illnesses requiring prolonged treatment. Compatibility of botanical medicinal preparations due to their similarity to the physiological systems of the body enables specific induction and mobilization of its defense resources, which is a practical implementation of the "heal the body, not a disease" principle. To solve this issue, we must select the plants on the basis of their biological activity, presence on the territory of Kazakhstan, harvesting and cultivation conditions, complexity of the technological processes of manufacturing medicinal products on their basis, economic and environmental feasibility of introduction of the latter into medicine.