National banking systems have a key role in national economies and, in the context of the existence of the Unified European Banking Market and globalisation, they have become essential for the viability and stability of international financial markets. For Member States of the European Union this practical reality, which engages a complex legal element, has called for an enhanced and permanent attention of both the European legislative bodies and the national Parliaments. In theire turn, Romanian credit institutions as legal entities, being an essential component of the Romanian banking system, are the subject of the national and European legislation dynamics, one of the segments concerned being the records and publicity of these subjects of law. The foundation of several strict legal requirements aimed at assuring the publicity and records of credit institutions is a mixture of elements, without being able to establish a hierarchy or a high priority in their relevance, like the publicity of the banking law and the public interest of the activities permitted by the credit institutions. The imperative compliance of the formalities of publicity and the existence of the records for credit institutions at national and European level has the main purpose to protect the counterparties of credit institutions and third parties and to ensure the national banking system’s stability. Specifically, in order to achieve legal personal and systemic security the following systems contribute, in chronological order of their intervention in the legal existence of Romanian credit institutions as legal entities, as follows: the system of records and legal publicity of the Registry of Commerce, the publicity of registration and entries in the Official Journal, the system of records and legal publicity of credit institutions kept by the National Bank of Romania and the system of records for credit institutions held by the European Commission. The common feature for all these records and publicity legal systems is represented by their public character, therefore they can be consulted, according to the law, by any interested person.