This paper addresses the issues surrounding the merits as well as disadvantages of academic moonlighting to the various stakeholders involved. In order to gain a balanced view of the question whether academic moonlighting should be encouraged or not, a literature review on the meaning of academic moonlighting, the reasons why it takes place and the motives of the various stakeholders is conducted in the first instance. This will be followed by a review of previous research on who the moonlighters really are, the advantages, disadvantages for the moonlighters themselves as well as for all the other stakeholders. Based on the literature review and previous research, the primary issues that need to be addressed by both moonlighters and policy makers in further research and policy formulation will be identified and summarized.