The possibilities of GM crop production are significantly different in the EU and in the US. The reasons for the differences in the authorization process are due to the different approaches: in the US, the “principle of substantial equivalence” applies, while the EU follows the “precautionary principle” approach. The precautionary principle starts from the potential risk, even if the risks have not yet been proven. Although the authorisation process for the GMOs was at the EU level, from 2015 on, GM authorisation is renationalized, i.e. the member states are able to restrict or prohibit GM crops from being cultivated in their territory. This study gives an overview of the current and future EU regulations of GM crops.