The article summarizes a longitudinal study of the music of Maronite communities located in the Galilee, Northern Israel, where, for several reasons, this tradition has remained practically unchanged. Audio recordings of the “second round,” made by the author, follow the recordings stored in the National Sound Archive (Israel). A new collection of Maronite music, recently released in the West, is compared with the “local model” of this culture and with the systematization of church tunes that became known as Gregorian chants in medieval Europe. An exploration of Maronite history and a background on Syriac chant are part of the discussion.